To practice writing single replacement reactions Based on Equation 1, aluminum is more active than copper and therefore replaces the copper (this is called a single replacement reaction). The more active metal forms a new compound containing metal cations. In general, the activity of a metal may be defined as follows:Īn active metal will react with a compound of a less active metal, which is converted to its “free element” form. A more active metal always replaces the ion of a less active metal. Single replacement reactions will occur spontaneously in one direction only (compare Equations 1 and 2). The reaction of aluminum with copper (II) chloride (Equation 1) is classified as a single replacement reaction – aluminum reacts with and “replaces” copper ions in copper (II) chloride. Consider equation 1 and 2 below:ĢAl (s) + 3CuCl 2(aq) -> 2AlCl 3(aq) + 3Cu (s) (Equation 1)Ĭu (s) + AlCl 3(aq) -> No Reaction (Equation 2) To determine the activity of metals you can compare the reactions of metals with different How can we determine the relative reactivity of different metals? Gold is a highly valuable jewelry metal because it is essentially unreactive. Copper is used in electrical wiring because it conducts electricity extremely well and resists corrosion better than many metals. Although iron is the most common metal used in manufacturing, it must be protected againstĬorrosion because rusts easily. The usefulness of metals in structural and other applications depends on their physical and chemical
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